The ideal cage to house a pet bird depends on the specific needs and size of the bird. The shortest side of the cage should measure at least two times the length of the bird’s wingspan, and birds that are always kept in a cage should have a larger cage than this to permit them to stretch their wings.
Though expensive, stainless steel is the ideal material for bird cages, as galvanized metal cages can cause lead poisoning. Bird cages should also be free of dangerous points, sharp edges, and obstructive areas inside. A removable tray lined with newspaper should be placed at the bottom of the cage and changed weekly. Newspaper is preferable as a cage liner over sand or grit, which is unhealthy for birds if ingested.
Bird cages and perches need to be cleaned regularly to protect the bird from getting foot diseases and should contain a variety of toys to stimulate the bird and prevent boredom. Rotating toys in and out of the cage often helps to entertain a caged bird.